— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一名活動受限的病人。應監測哪些臥床併發症？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with restricted mobility. Which complications of immobility should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply.)
- ADeep vein thrombosis (DVT)✓ 正解深層靜脈栓塞 (DVT)
- BUrinary tract infection (UTI)✓ 正解泌尿道感染 (UTI)
- CPressure injuries✓ 正解壓瘡
- DIncreased muscle mass肌肉量增加
- EAtelectasis✓ 正解肺不張
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
對於活動受限的病人，長期臥床會對身體各系統產生廣泛的負面影響，導致一系列嚴重的併發症。護理師在照護這類病人時，必須具備高度的警覺性，持續監測這些潛在的風險，並預防性地介入。這些併發症不僅包括循環、呼吸和皮膚問題，還涉及泌尿、肌肉骨骼等多個系統。理解這些併發症的機轉，有助於護理師制定全面的照護計畫，例如定時翻身、鼓勵活動、提供足夠營養及水分，以最大程度地減少臥床對病人健康的負面衝擊，確保病人安全與福祉。
Immobility leads to venous stasis, increasing the risk of deep vein thrombosis, and urinary stasis, which predisposes clients to urinary tract infections. Prolonged pressure on tissues compromises blood flow, resulting in pressure injuries, while reduced lung expansion causes atelectasis. These complications affect multiple body systems and require proactive monitoring and preventive interventions.