— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師應優先採取哪項行動以預防壓瘡？
Which action should the nurse prioritize to prevent pressure injuries?
- AUse a donut-shaped cushion for pressure relief使用甜甜圈形坐墊以減輕壓力
- BMassage the bony prominences frequently經常按摩骨突處
- CReposition the client every 2 hours✓ 正解每兩小時為病人翻身
- DKeep the skin dry and moisten with heavy oils保持皮膚乾燥並塗抹大量油性乳液
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
壓瘡（Pressure Injury）的預防關鍵在於消除持續性的壓力。兩小時一次的翻身（Repositioning）能讓受壓部位的組織重新獲得血液灌流，預防缺血性損傷。按摩骨突處會導致微血管損傷與組織發炎，應避免。甜甜圈墊因為會造成局部擠壓，導致邊緣循環不良，現已被臨床指南明確禁止使用。保持皮膚乾燥與適度保濕是輔助措施，減壓才是核心。
Repositioning the client every two hours is the priority action to prevent pressure injuries as it relieves constant pressure and restores blood flow to tissues. Donut cushions and massaging bony prominences are contraindicated because they can increase local pressure or damage underlying tissue. Keeping skin dry and appropriately moisturized is supportive but secondary to pressure relief.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國壓瘡預防指南（如 NPUAP）已將甜甜圈墊列為禁忌，並強調使用氣墊床與減壓敷料（如 Foam dressing）的重要性。