護理師準備將一名術後第一天、體重 250 磅（113 公斤）且虛弱的病人從床上移位至椅子。為了安全，護理師應採取哪項措施？
A nurse is preparing to transfer a client who is post-operative Day 1 from the bed to a chair. The client is weak and weighs 250 lbs (113 kg). What is the safest action for the nurse to take?
- AAsk a coworker to help with a manual lift請求同事協助進行徒手搬運
- BInstruct the client to use their own strength to pull up指示個案運用自身力量起身
- CPerform the transfer alone using a gait belt單獨使用步態帶進行轉移
- DUse a mechanical ceiling lift or floor-based lift device✓ 正解使用機械式天車吊掛裝置或地面移位設備
本題聚焦於職場安全與人體工學（Safe Patient Handling）。NCLEX 考題強調「零抬舉政策」（Zero-lift policy）以保護護理人員免受職業性肌肉骨骼損傷。當病人體重較重（250 lbs）且處於衰弱狀態時，即便有同事協助，徒手搬運仍具有極高風險。使用機械式移位設備（如天花板懸吊式或地面式移位機）是確保病人和護理師安全的最優選。臨床思路應優先考慮設備輔助，而非純人力。選項 A 雖然增加了人力，但仍屬於徒手搬運；選項 B 對於衰弱病人不切實際；選項 C 則可能導致病人跌倒及護理師受傷。
Mechanical lifts are the gold standard for transferring heavy or weak clients, adhering to zero-lift policies to prevent nurse musculoskeletal injuries. Manual lifting, even with assistance, poses significant safety risks for both the client and the nurse. Relying on the client’s own strength or performing solo transfers with only a gait belt is unsafe for a post-operative, weak client weighing 250 lbs.
美國非常強調「Safe Patient Handling and Mobility (SPHM)」法規，許多州法律強制要求使用移位設備。台灣臨床環境中，雖然也有移位機，但因病房空間狹窄或設備有限，護理人員仍常使用徒手或移位板，這在 NCLEX 邏輯中是被視為不安全的。