— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位新診斷庫欣氏症候群的病人。哪項發現最具此疾病的特徵？
A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome. Which finding is most characteristic of this condition?
- AHypoglycemia and weight loss低血糖和體重減輕
- BMoon face and central obesity✓ 正解月亮臉和向心性肥胖
- CThin extremities and hirsutism四肢細長和多毛症
- DBradycardia and hypotension心搏過緩和低血壓
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
庫欣氏症候群（Cushing's Syndrome）源於皮質醇（Cortisol）長期過量。皮質醇具有促進脂肪重新分佈與代謝蛋白質的作用。典型的臨床表現包括向心性肥胖（Central Obesity），如臉部圓潤（Moon face）、水牛肩（Buffalo hump）及軀幹肥胖，而四肢則因肌肉萎縮而變細。此外，病人常伴有高血壓、高血糖、皮膚變薄易瘀青等，這些皆是評估時的重點。
Cushing's syndrome is characterized by cortisol excess, which causes fat redistribution leading to moon face, central obesity, and thin extremities due to muscle wasting. These physical changes are hallmark signs distinguishing it from other endocrine disorders.