— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師指導病人自我注射皮下胰島素。病人採取哪些行動顯示其理解正確？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about self-administration of subcutaneous insulin. Which actions by the client indicate correct understanding? (Select all that apply.)
- ARotate injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy✓ 正解輪替注射部位以預防脂肪營養不良
- BClean the skin with an alcohol swab and let it dry✓ 正解用酒精棉片清潔皮膚並讓其乾燥
- CMassage the site vigorously after the injection注射後用力按摩注射部位
- DPinch the skin fold if using a shorter needle✓ 正解使用較短針頭時捏起皮膚摺
- EDispose of used needles in a designated sharps container✓ 正解將使用過的針頭丟入指定的利器盒
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
皮下注射胰島素重點在於防止組織病變與確保藥物吸收。輪替部位可避免脂肪增生（lipodystrophy）。酒精消毒後需乾燥以免刺痛。捏起皮膚可確保注射於皮下而非肌肉。使用後的針頭必須丟棄於銳器回收桶，不可隨意丟棄。
Rotating injection sites prevents lipodystrophy and ensures consistent insulin absorption. The skin should be cleaned with alcohol and allowed to dry completely to avoid stinging. Pinching the skin helps ensure the medication is delivered into the subcutaneous tissue rather than muscle. Finally, used needles must be disposed of in a designated sharps container to maintain safety and sanitation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣病人對於胰島素衛教常由衛教師執行，護理師需確認其居家落實度。