— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人在輸注萬古黴素（Vancomycin）時出現臉部與頸部潮紅、低血壓與搔癢，護理師應採取何種行動？
A patient is receiving an IV infusion of vancomycin. The nurse observes flushing, hypotension, and pruritus of the face and neck. Which action is appropriate?
- ASlow the rate of infusion✓ 正解減慢輸注速度
- BAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- CDiscontinue the infusion immediately立即停止輸注
- DIncrease the IV fluid rate增加靜脈輸液速度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素（Vancomycin）輸注過快常引起「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），這是由於組織胺快速釋放所導致的類過敏反應，並非真正的免疫球蛋白 E（IgE）媒介過敏。症狀包括臉部、頸部及軀幹上部的潮紅、低血壓、搔癢或紅疹。護理措施為立即減慢輸注速度（通常建議延長至 60 分鐘以上），症狀通常會隨之減輕，無需停藥。
The nurse should slow the infusion rate because the symptoms describe Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-mediated reaction caused by rapid vancomycin administration rather than a true IgE-mediated allergy. Slowing the infusion allows the body to metabolize the drug safely, often resolving flushing and hypotension without discontinuing the medication.