— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
下列何者為社區中二級預防策略的最佳例子？
Which of the following is the best example of a secondary prevention strategy in the community?
- ACounseling to prevent substance abuse預防物質濫用的諮商
- BVision screening for school-aged children✓ 正解學齡兒童視力篩檢
- CProviding healthy school lunches提供健康的學校午餐
- DRehabilitation after a heart attack心肌梗塞後的復健
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防醫學分為三級。二級預防（Secondary Prevention）的核心在於「早期發現、早期治療」，透過篩檢工具（Screening）在疾病尚未出現明顯徵象前找出病變。視覺篩檢能及早發現學童的屈光不正或弱視，進行矯正。一級預防（Primary Prevention）旨在促進健康與預防疾病發生，如提供營養午餐或拒毒教育；三級預防（Tertiary Prevention）則側重於疾病後的復健與預防併發症，如心臟病後的復健治療。
Vision screening for school-aged children is a secondary prevention strategy because it aims to detect health issues early before symptoms become apparent, allowing for prompt treatment. Primary prevention focuses on disease avoidance, such as counseling or nutrition, while tertiary prevention involves rehabilitation after a disease has occurred.