— 降低風險 · EASY · SATA —
護理師準備給藥，應採取哪些措施以降低給藥錯誤的風險？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client. Which actions should the nurse perform to reduce the risk of medication errors? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify the client's identity using two identifiers✓ 正解使用兩種識別方式確認病人身份
- BCompare the medication order with the MAR✓ 正解將醫囑與給藥紀錄單進行比較
- CAllow the client to take the medication independently without verification讓病人在未經確認的情況下自行服藥
- DPerform the three checks of medication administration✓ 正解執行給藥時的三讀檢查
- EClarify any illegible or ambiguous orders with the provider✓ 正解向醫師澄清任何潦草或不明確的醫囑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
給藥安全的核心在於「五正確」與標準作業流程。使用雙重身份辨識（姓名與生日/號碼）、核對醫囑與給藥紀錄單（MAR）、執行給藥三讀五對，以及遇到模糊醫囑時主動溝通，皆是病人安全黃金準則。讓病人自行取藥未經核對會產生極高風險，絕不可行。
To minimize medication errors, nurses must verify client identity using two identifiers, compare the order with the Medication Administration Record (MAR), perform the three checks of medication administration, and clarify any illegible orders with the provider. Allowing independent administration without verification bypasses these critical safety steps.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院廣泛使用條碼給藥系統（BCMA）；台灣醫學中心已普及使用，但基層診所仍較依賴人工核對。