— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師為術後傷口進行換藥，下列哪些做法符合無菌技術原則？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is performing wound care for a client with a surgical incision. Which actions follow sterile technique principles? (Select all that apply.)
- AConsider the outer 1-inch border of the sterile field as contaminated✓ 正解將無菌區外圍 1 吋邊界視為已污染
- BHold sterile objects above waist level✓ 正解將無菌物品保持在腰部以上高度
- CReach over the sterile field to save time跨越無菌區以節省時間
- DOnly touch the inside of the sterile wrapper when opening it✓ 正解僅在打開包裝時碰觸無菌包裝的內側
- EPlace the sterile package on a flat, dry surface✓ 正解將無菌包放置在平坦、乾燥的表面上
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
無菌技術（Sterile Technique）旨在消除所有微生物以防止感染。建立無菌區時，必須嚴格遵守空間與動作的限制。外緣 1 英吋被視為過渡區（污染區），任何跨越無菌區的動作都會增加落塵污染的風險。此外，物品位置需保持在視線範圍內，且無菌包裝必須保持乾燥，因為水分會產生毛細現象（Capillary action），將細菌從表面帶入無菌區。
Sterile technique principles include considering the outer 1-inch border of a sterile field as contaminated and keeping sterile objects above waist level to prevent accidental contamination. Additionally, sterile packages should be placed on flat, dry surfaces to avoid wicking moisture, and only the inner edge of wrappers should be touched during opening.