— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
病人出現失眠，護理師哪些措施最為適當？（選所有適合的）
A client is experiencing insomnia. Which interventions by the nurse are most appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain a quiet, dark environment✓ 正解維持安靜、黑暗的環境
- BEncourage daytime activities✓ 正解鼓勵白天活動
- CAllow the client to sleep whenever they feel tired during the day允許病人在白天感到疲倦時隨時睡覺
- DProvide a warm, soothing drink before bed✓ 正解睡前提供溫暖、舒緩的飲品
- ELimit fluid intake 2 hours before bed✓ 正解睡前 2 小時限制水分攝取
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
失眠（Insomnia）護理干預應著重於「睡眠衛生（Sleep hygiene）」，透過環境控制與生理時鐘的調節來改善。安靜黑暗的環境減少刺激，日間活動增加疲勞感，睡前溫飲則有助於生理放鬆。限制睡前水分是為了預防夜尿（Nocturia）打斷睡眠。臨床護理思路應優先考慮非藥物療法，避免病人對安眠藥產生依賴，同時應教導病人建立規律的作息習慣。
Appropriate insomnia interventions include maintaining a quiet, dark environment and encouraging daytime activities to regulate the circadian rhythm. Providing a warm drink promotes relaxation, while limiting fluids before bed prevents nocturia. Allowing daytime naps should be discouraged as it reduces sleep drive at night.