一位 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的個案，表現出心跳過快及瀕死感。護理師優先採取的介入措施為何？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with rapid heart rate and a feeling of impending doom. Which intervention is the priority?
- AAdminister the PRN lorazepam as ordered依醫囑給予處方 PRN 勞拉西泮
- BInstruct the client to breathe slowly with the nurse✓ 正解指導病人與護理師一起緩慢呼吸
- CReduce environmental stimuli by dimming the lights調暗燈光以減少環境刺激
- DAsk the client to describe what they are feeling請病人描述他們當下的感受
焦慮急性發作時，個案常因過度換氣（Hyperventilation）導致生理症狀惡化。護理師的優先目標是穩定生理狀態，並協助個案重新獲得對身體的控制感。引導呼吸（Guided breathing）能有效中斷過度換氣造成的呼吸性鹼中毒（Respiratory alkalosis），進而改善心跳過快與瀕死感。這是最快且非侵入性的介入措施，符合 ABC（Airway, Breathing, Circulation）原則中的呼吸調控。
The priority intervention for a client experiencing acute anxiety or panic is to stabilize physiological symptoms by guiding slow, deep breathing. This technique helps correct hyperventilation-induced respiratory alkalosis and regulates the autonomic nervous system, providing immediate non-invasive relief before administering medication or reducing environmental stimuli.