— 降低風險 · EASY · SATA —
護理師照護人工髖關節置換術後病人，下列哪些措施能有效預防併發症？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-op after a total hip arthroplasty. Which actions are essential for preventing complications? (Select all that apply.)
- AUse an abduction pillow when the client is supine✓ 正解病人仰臥時使用外展枕
- BEnsure the hip angle does not exceed 90 degrees✓ 正解確保髖關節彎曲角度不超過 90 度
- CEncourage the client to cross legs for comfort鼓勵病人交叉雙腿以獲得舒適
- DMonitor distal neurovascular status of the operative limb✓ 正解監測手術肢體遠端的神經血管狀況
- EApply compression stockings as ordered✓ 正解依醫囑使用彈性襪
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
人工髖關節置換術後的目標是防脫臼與防血栓。使用外展枕防止雙腿交叉導致脫位；避免髖關節彎曲超過 90 度以保持穩定。術後必須密切監測肢體末梢血循與感覺。彈性襪能促進靜脈回流，有效預防 DVT。交叉雙腿會導致假體脫出，必須絕對禁止。
Post-hip arthroplasty goals are preventing dislocation and thromboembolism. An abduction pillow prevents crossing the legs and dislocation; hip flexion must be kept under 90 degrees. Distal neurovascular checks of the operative limb are essential, and compression stockings promote venous return to prevent DVT. Crossing the legs would adduct the hip and dislodge the prosthesis and is strictly prohibited.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院針對術後病人有標準化的防脫位指導卡；台灣則多由護理師個別口頭衛教或發放衛教單張。