一名 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的個案，在公開演講前出現心悸、出汗和顫抖。護理師在急性期最適合採取哪項措施？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with reports of palpitations, sweating, and trembling before public speaking. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to initiate during the acute phase?
- AEncourage the client to avoid the public speaking event鼓勵病人避免參加公開演講活動
- BProvide a lecture on the pathophysiology of anxiety提供關於焦慮病理生理學的講解
- CEncourage the client to practice deep breathing techniques✓ 正解鼓勵病人練習深呼吸技巧
- DAdminister an as-needed benzodiazepine給予處方備用苯二氮平類藥物
深呼吸是一種快速有效的生理調節技術，能活化副交感神經，減少焦慮導致的交感神經亢進。急性期應先從非藥物且可立即執行的技巧著手。B 需要醫囑，B 在急性焦慮時病人無法吸收資訊，A 採取逃避行為會強化焦慮迴路，而非治療。
Deep breathing is a rapid, effective physiological regulation technique that activates the parasympathetic nervous system to reduce sympathetic hyperactivity caused by anxiety. In the acute phase, non-pharmacological interventions that can be implemented immediately are prioritized. Avoidance reinforces anxiety, cognitive teaching is ineffective during high anxiety, and medication requires a provider's order.
美台皆強調非藥物護理措施優先，但台灣臨床護理師常需更依賴醫師開立之 prn 藥物。