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藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA

護理師對於氣喘急性發作的病人,預期應給予哪些藥物以達到快速擴張支氣管的目的?(選所有適合的)

Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer to a client with an acute asthma exacerbation for rapid bronchodilation? (Select all that apply.)

  • AAlbuterol✓ 正解
    Albuterol(沙丁胺醇)
  • BIpratropium✓ 正解
    Ipratropium(異丙托溴銨)
  • CSalmeterol
    Salmeterol(沙美特羅)
  • DMontelukast
    Montelukast(孟魯司特)
  • ELevalbuterol✓ 正解
    Levalbuterol(左旋沙丁胺醇)
Explanation · 中文詳解

氣喘急性發作需要的是短效型支氣管擴張劑。Albuterol(沙丁胺醇)與 Levalbuterol(左旋沙丁胺醇)屬於 SABA(短效型 β2 受體致效劑),能迅速舒緩氣管痙攣;Ipratropium(異丙托溴銨)為抗膽鹼藥物,常與 SABA 併用以加強效果。Salmeterol 為長效型不適用於急性;Montelukast 為白三烯調節劑,屬長期控制用藥。

For rapid bronchodilation during an acute asthma exacerbation, the nurse should expect to administer short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs) such as albuterol and levalbuterol. Ipratropium, an anticholinergic agent, is often used in combination with SABAs to enhance acute relief, whereas long-acting agents like salmeterol and montelukast are reserved for maintenance therapy.

✦ 台美臨床差異

台美臨床對這類藥物的使用指引高度一致,皆遵循 GINA 指引,重點在於區分急救用藥與保養用藥。

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