— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師協助行動受限的病人下床。哪項護理動作展現正確的人體工學？
A nurse is assisting a client with limited mobility to get out of bed. Which action by the nurse demonstrates proper body mechanics?
- ATwist the torso to pivot the client扭轉軀幹以旋轉支撐個案
- BKeep feet together to increase stability雙腳併攏以增加穩定性
- CBend at the waist to maintain balance彎腰以保持平衡
- DKeep the client's body close to the nurse's body✓ 正解使個案的身體緊貼護理師的身體
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
人體工學核心原則為增加穩定基座（雙腳分開）及維持重心穩定。將病人保持在靠近身體位置可縮短槓桿臂，大幅減輕下背部肌肉負擔。彎腰易導致脊椎受傷；腳併攏會導致重心不穩；轉動軀幹會造成脊椎旋轉扭力，增加椎間盤突出風險。
Keeping the client’s body close to the nurse’s center of gravity reduces the lever arm, thereby decreasing strain on the lumbar spine. Proper body mechanics also require a wide base of support and avoiding twisting the torso to prevent injury.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台護理教育均高度強調人體工學，但在台灣臨床因人力比高，常需兩位護理師協力轉移，避免單打獨鬥。