— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · SATA —
住院病人因環境因素導致睡眠障礙。下列哪些護理措施有助於改善睡眠品質？（選所有適合的）
A client is experiencing sleep disturbance due to hospital environmental factors. Which nursing actions promote better sleep hygiene? (Select all that apply.)
- ASchedule care activities to allow for uninterrupted sleep periods✓ 正解安排護理活動以確保有不受打擾的睡眠時間
- BKeep room lighting bright during the day to regulate circadian rhythm✓ 正解白天保持室內燈光明亮以調節生理時鐘
- CAdminister sedative medication every night as a routine每晚常規給予鎮靜劑
- DMinimize noise levels from equipment and nursing stations✓ 正解將設備與護理站的噪音降至最低
- EEncourage daytime naps of at least 3 hours鼓勵每天午睡至少 3 小時
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
改善住院病人的睡眠品質需遵循睡眠衛生（sleep hygiene）原則，目標是減少環境干擾並維持正常的晝夜節律（circadian rhythm）。護理師應透過調整護理介入時間以創造連續睡眠時段，並控制環境光線與噪音。臨床護理思路應優先考慮非藥物介入，藥物僅作為最後手段，且應避免影響睡眠結構的行為。
Promoting sleep hygiene involves minimizing environmental disruptions and supporting the natural circadian rhythm. Nurses should cluster care activities to allow uninterrupted rest, maximize daytime light exposure, and reduce noise from equipment. Routine sedative use and prolonged daytime naps are discouraged as they interfere with healthy sleep patterns.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國臨床更強調「Bundle Care」（集中護理），護理師會主動與團隊溝通，盡量減少夜間查房頻率以確保病人休息，這在美國醫院品質指標（HCAHPS）中佔重要地位。