— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一名急性胰臟炎病人表現出嚴重腹痛、噁心與嘔吐。護理師最擔心該病人出現何種電解質不平衡？
A client with acute pancreatitis presents with severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Which electrolyte imbalance is the nurse most concerned about developing?
- AHyperkalemia高血鉀
- BHyponatremia低血鈉
- CHypocalcemia✓ 正解低血鈣
- DHypermagnesemia高血鎂
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎時，脂肪酶分解脂肪組織，釋出的脂肪酸會與血鈣結合形成皂化反應，導致低血鈣。臨床上需監測 Chvostek 及 Trousseau 徵象，低血鈣可引起心律不整與痙攣，是該病常見且危險的併發症。
In acute pancreatitis, lipase breaks down fat tissue, releasing fatty acids that bind with calcium to form soap-like deposits, leading to hypocalcemia. This electrolyte imbalance is a critical concern because it can cause cardiac dysrhythmias and neuromuscular irritability, such as Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s signs.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆高度重視急性胰臟炎病人的低血鈣監測，並依據實驗室數據調整靜脈輸液內容。