— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備委派工作給實務護理師（LPN/LVN）。下列哪項任務適合由 LPN/LVN 執行？
A nurse is preparing to delegate tasks to a Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN/LVN). Which task is appropriate for the LPN/LVN to perform?
- AAdministering oral medications to a stable client✓ 正解對病情穩定的病人給予口服藥物
- BInitiating a blood transfusion for an anemic client為貧血病人開始輸血
- CPerforming an initial assessment on a new admission對新入院病人進行初次評估
- DDeveloping a teaching plan for a client with diabetes為糖尿病患者制定衛教計畫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
護理委派（Delegation）必須遵循「五項原則」（Five Rights of Delegation），包括正確的任務、正確的情況、正確的人員、正確的溝通與正確的監督。LPN/LVN 在護理範圍內可執行常規性、穩定性的護理措施，但評估、診斷、計畫與衛教等涉及複雜臨床判斷的任務，必須由 RN 執行。
Licensed Practical Nurses (LPN/LVNs) are appropriately delegated tasks involving routine procedures for stable clients, such as administering oral medications. Complex assessments, initial admissions, developing teaching plans, and initiating blood transfusions require the advanced clinical judgment and scope of practice reserved for Registered Nurses (RNs).
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國，各州對 LPN/LVN 的執業範圍定義不同。例如在某些州，LPN 若經過額外認證（IV certification），可執行特定靜脈輸液，但「輸血」與「初評」在絕大多數州仍明確歸屬於 RN 的執業範圍。