— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位高齡個案正經歷喪偶之痛，下列哪項個案的敘述顯示個體正進行健康的悲傷適應？
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is grieving the loss of a spouse. Which statement by the client indicates healthy coping?
- AI am avoiding all my friends because they remind me of the life we used to share.我避見所有朋友，因為他們讓我想起我們過去共同的生活。
- BI find myself talking to my spouse every morning while I drink my coffee.✓ 正解我發現自己每天早上喝咖啡時都會跟配偶說話。
- CI have been keeping all of my spouse's clothes exactly where they were to feel close to them.我一直將配偶的所有衣物保持原樣不動，以感覺離他們更近。
- DI have stopped eating and sleeping because there is no point in taking care of myself anymore.我已停止進食和睡眠，因為照顧自己已毫無意義。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
健康的悲傷適應允許個體在生活中維持逝者的記憶，同時逐漸適應現實。持續與逝者對話（選項 B）是一種過渡期的心理調適機制；而過度保留所有物品（選項 C）或自我封閉與忽視生理需求（選項 D、A）則是病態性悲傷或憂鬱的徵兆。
Healthy coping with grief allows individuals to maintain connections with the deceased while adapting to their absence. Talking to the spouse during daily routines represents a normal transitional mechanism for integrating loss. In contrast, social isolation, rigid preservation of belongings, or neglecting self-care may indicate complicated grief or depression.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國文化鼓勵透過支持團體（Support Groups）處理悲傷；台灣社會較多以家庭或宗教儀式支持，個別心理諮商比例相對低。