— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位慢性腎臟病病人動脈血氣分析顯示:pH 7.28, PaCO2 32 mmHg, HCO3- 16 mEq/L。此病人呈現何種酸鹼平衡失調?
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) presents with an arterial blood gas (ABG) showing pH 7.28, PaCO2 32 mmHg, and HCO3- 16 mEq/L. Which acid-base imbalance is occurring?
- AMetabolic alkalosis代謝性鹼中毒
- BRespiratory acidosis呼吸性酸中毒
- CRespiratory alkalosis呼吸性鹼中毒
- DMetabolic acidosis✓ 正解代謝性酸中毒
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
pH 低於 7.35 表示酸血症。HCO3- 降低(正常 22-26)顯示代謝性起源。PaCO2 降低(正常 35-45)則是呼吸系統對代謝性酸中毒進行代償,透過過度換氣排出二氧化碳以調升 pH 值,故此為代償性代謝性酸中毒。
The arterial blood gas results indicate metabolic acidosis, characterized by a low pH and decreased bicarbonate levels. The reduced PaCO2 reflects respiratory compensation, where the body attempts to raise the pH by exhaling more carbon dioxide through hyperventilation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床皆由醫療團隊共同評估 ABG,但美國護理師依規章調整呼吸器參數之權限範圍較廣。