護理師正在評估一位低血鈣病人。應監測哪種徵象？
A nurse is assessing a client with hypocalcemia. Which sign should the nurse monitor for?
- APositive Trousseau's sign✓ 正解Trousseau 徵象陽性
- BConstipation便秘
- CDepressed deep tendon reflexes深部肌腱反射減弱
- DShortened QT intervalQT 間期縮短
本題的核心概念是低血鈣症（hypocalcemia）的臨床表現。鈣離子（calcium, Ca2+）在神經肌肉興奮性、血液凝固、骨骼健康等多種生理功能中扮演關鍵角色。當血鈣濃度過低時，會導致神經肌肉細胞膜的穩定性降低，使其更容易被激發，表現為神經肌肉興奮性增高。護理師必須監測這些特異性徵象，以便及早發現和處理低血鈣，預防嚴重心律不整、喉痙攣或癲癇等危及生命的併發症。
The core concept of this question is the clinical presentation of hypocalcemia. Calcium (Ca2+) plays a key role in many physiological functions including neuromuscular excitability, blood coagulation, and bone health. When serum calcium is too low, the stability of neuromuscular cell membranes decreases, making them more easily excited and producing increased neuromuscular irritability. Nurses must monitor for these specific signs in order to detect and manage hypocalcemia early, preventing life-threatening complications such as severe arrhythmias, laryngospasm, or seizures.
美國護理教育極度強調 Chvostek's 與 Trousseau's 徵象的辨識；台灣教材亦同，但臨床操作頻率較低。