根據通用程序(Universal Protocol),手術安全查核表的必要內容為何?(選所有適合的)
Which items are mandatory components of the surgical checklist according to the Universal Protocol? (Select all that apply.)
- ACorrect patient identity✓ 正解正確的病人身分
- BCorrect surgical site✓ 正解正確的手術部位
- CMarking of the surgical site✓ 正解手術部位的標記
- DSurgeon's home address外科醫師的家庭住址
- ECorrect procedure to be performed✓ 正解正確的待執行手術程序
通用程序(Universal Protocol)由聯合委員會(The Joint Commission, TJC)制定,旨在預防手術部位錯誤、術式錯誤及病人錯誤。其核心包含三個關鍵步驟:術前驗證(Pre-procedure verification)、手術部位標記(Surgical site marking)以及手術暫停(Time-out)。這些步驟確保手術團隊在劃刀前達成共識,是病人安全(Patient Safety)的最高準則。
The Universal Protocol requires verifying the correct patient identity, the correct surgical site, and the correct procedure to prevent wrong-site or wrong-patient surgeries. Additionally, the surgical site must be marked by the surgeon prior to the procedure. These steps ensure consensus among the surgical team before incision.
美國醫院對手術部位標記(Site Marking)的要求極為嚴格,通常使用顯眼的標記筆在病人身上打勾或簽名,且標記過程必須由病人參與確認(若意識清醒)。台灣臨床亦有類似規範,但美國醫療機構更強調Time-out時全體團隊成員必須停止動作並專注確認。