護理師準備將一位肺結核病人送往檢查室。下列哪項護理措施對於維持感染控制標準至關重要？
A nurse is preparing to transport a client with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) for a diagnostic procedure. Which nursing intervention is essential to maintain infection control standards?
- AApply a sterile gown and gloves on the client為病人穿上無菌隔離衣和手套
- BPlace a surgical mask on the client during transport✓ 正解在轉送期間為病人戴上外科口罩
- CUse a specialized negative pressure transport cart使用專用負壓運輸車
- DEnsure the client wears an N95 respirator確保病人佩戴 N95 呼吸器
結核病（TB）屬於空氣傳播疾病，病原體會經由小於 5 微米的飛沫核懸浮在空氣中。根據感染控制原則，當傳染性病人離開負壓隔離病房時，必須限制其活動範圍。為了保護外界環境及接觸者，護理師應在病人臉上戴上外科口罩（Surgical Mask），這能有效攔截病人呼出的飛沫核，防止其擴散。N95 口罩無法攔截病人呼出的病原體，且對病人而言呼吸阻力太大。滅菌隔離衣（Gown）與手套（Gloves）是用於接觸隔離，對空氣傳播的 TB 防護無效。負壓運輸床雖然理想，但在臨床實務上並非常規設施，外科口罩配合嚴格的動線規劃是最基本且有效的安全規範。
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease, and the pathogen remains suspended in the air in droplet nuclei smaller than 5 micrometers. Under infection control principles, when an infectious patient leaves a negative-pressure isolation room, their movement must be restricted. To protect the external environment and persons in contact with the patient, the nurse should place a surgical mask on the patient. This effectively contains the droplet nuclei the patient exhales and prevents their dissemination. An N95 respirator does not contain pathogens being exhaled by the patient and creates excessive breathing resistance for the patient. Sterile gowns and gloves are used for contact precautions and are ineffective against airborne transmission of TB. While a negative-pressure transport cart would be ideal, it is not a standard clinical resource; placing a surgical mask on the patient combined with carefully planned transport routes is the most basic and effective safety practice.
美國醫院針對 TB 病人轉送有嚴格的『來源控制（Source control）』指引，強制要求配戴外科口罩；台灣醫院則多要求轉送時需預先聯繫，避開尖峰時刻並開啟貨梯或安排專人引導，雖然口罩配戴也是標準，但流程管理上更側重空間動線的控管。