— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人正在接受全靜脈營養（TPN）輸注，下列哪項護理行動為優先？
A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which nursing action is a priority?
- AFlush the line with heparin every shift每班次以肝素沖洗管路
- BCheck blood glucose every 6 hours✓ 正解每 6 小時檢查血糖
- CChange the dressing daily每日更換敷料
- DMonitor for fluid overload監測是否有液體過載
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全靜脈營養（TPN）含有高濃度的葡萄糖，會對胰島素分泌造成強烈刺激，極易引發高血糖，甚至高滲透壓非酮酸性昏迷。因此，監測血糖是 TPN 照護中最優先的安全行動。雖然更換敷料（無菌技術）與監測液體容積同樣重要，但代謝穩定的維持（血糖控制）在臨床決策優先順序中通常高於環境監測，因為血糖波動帶來的急性併發症（如昏迷）發展極快。
Total parenteral nutrition contains high concentrations of glucose, which significantly increases the risk of hyperglycemia and osmotic diuresis. Therefore, frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels is the priority nursing action to prevent acute metabolic complications such as hyperosmolar coma.