— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師為昏迷個案進行口腔護理時,應採取哪些措施?(選所有適合的)
Which of the following actions should the nurse take when providing oral hygiene to an unconscious client? (Select all that apply.)
- APosition the client on their side✓ 正解將病人置於側臥
- BUse a foam swab moistened with mouthwash使用沾有漱口水的海綿棒
- CInspect the oral cavity for lesions✓ 正解檢查口腔是否有病變
- DUse a padded tongue blade to keep the mouth open✓ 正解使用墊有保護層的壓舌板以保持口腔張開
- ECleanse the tongue and mucous membranes✓ 正解清潔舌頭與黏膜
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
昏迷個案執行口腔護理時,側臥姿勢能避免水分流入喉嚨引起窒息。使用含酒精漱口水(選項B)會使黏膜過度乾燥,應避開。檢查口腔破損(C)是預防感染的關鍵。使用壓舌板(D)維持開口能保護護理師手指。清潔舌苔與黏膜(E)能有效減少細菌繁殖,降低呼吸機相關性肺炎(VAP)風險。
Positioning the client on their side prevents aspiration of fluids during oral hygiene, while inspecting the oral cavity helps identify lesions and reduce bacterial load. Using a padded tongue blade maintains mouth opening safely, and cleaning the tongue and mucous membranes is essential for infection control in unconscious clients.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院有嚴格的 VAP 預防套餐(Bundle),台灣醫院亦有類似規範,但人力比例影響執行頻率。