— 降低風險 · EASY · SATA —
護理師正為新診斷一型糖尿病病人進行衛教。應包含哪些低血糖症狀？（選所有適合的）
The nurse is educating a client with a new diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Which symptoms of hypoglycemia should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AExcessive thirst (Polydipsia)過度口渴（多飲）
- BIrritability and confusion✓ 正解易怒與意識混亂
- CShakiness and tremors✓ 正解手抖與顫抖
- DSweating and diaphoresis✓ 正解出汗與大汗淋漓
- EFrequent urination (Polyuria)頻繁排尿（多尿）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血糖（Hypoglycemia）發作時，身體會啟動交感神經反應與中樞神經反應。交感神經興奮導致發抖、冒冷汗（Diaphoresis）、心悸；中樞神經缺糖則導致煩躁、意識混亂、頭暈。這些症狀通常發作迅速。高血糖的典型症狀則是「三多一少」（多渴、多尿、多吃、體重減少），與低血糖的症狀截然不同，護理師必須清楚區分以採取正確處置。
Symptoms of hypoglycemia result from sympathetic nervous system activation and neuroglycopenia, including irritability, confusion, shakiness, and diaphoresis. Excessive thirst and frequent urination are signs of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia, and should not be included in the education regarding low blood sugar.