— 降低風險 · EASY · SATA —
為減少中心靜脈導管（CVC）病人的感染風險，護理師應採取哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions should the nurse perform to reduce the risk of infection in a client with a central venous catheter (CVC)? (Select all that apply.)
- APerform hand hygiene before touching the line✓ 正解觸碰導管前執行手部衛生
- BUse sterile technique when changing the dressing✓ 正解更換敷料時使用無菌技術
- CFlush the line with saline every 24 hours regardless of use無論是否使用，每 24 小時以生理食鹽水沖洗導管
- DScrub the hub with alcohol for 15 seconds before access✓ 正解接觸導管前以酒精摩擦接頭 15 秒
- EChange the transparent dressing every 7 days unless soiled✓ 正解除非敷料污損，否則每 7 天更換透明敷料
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
CVC 照護核心在於無菌技術。洗手、無菌更換敷料、進入接頭前徹底消毒（摩擦 15 秒）以及依照醫院政策定期更換敷料均能大幅降低導管相關血流感染（CRBSI）。選項 C 錯誤是因為若導管未被使用，不一定要每天沖洗，過度接觸反而增加汙染機會。
Strict hand hygiene and sterile technique during dressing changes are critical to preventing central line-associated bloodstream infections. Scrubbing the hub with alcohol for 15 seconds effectively removes biofilm, and changing transparent dressings weekly maintains site integrity. Unnecessary flushing increases manipulation risks and potential contamination.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣部分機構對 CVC 照護標準化程度極高，護理師需嚴格遵循 Bundles of care。