— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人使用靜脈注射 Vancomycin。下列哪項徵象顯示出現「紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）」？
A client is receiving vancomycin IV. Which sign indicates red man syndrome?
- AHypotension, flushing, and erythematous rash on upper body✓ 正解低血壓、臉紅及上半身紅斑疹。
- BGeneralized urticaria and wheezing全身性蕁麻疹與哮鳴音。
- CFever and generalized body aches發燒及全身痠痛。
- DSevere back pain and chills嚴重背痛及畏寒。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群是因輸注 Vancomycin 速度過快導致組織胺大量釋放。臨床表現為臉部、頸部及軀幹上部的潮紅、瘙癢與低血壓。這是類過敏反應，而非真正的過敏反應（如蕁麻疹、氣喘），處理方式為減慢輸注速度。
Red man syndrome is caused by rapid infusion of vancomycin leading to massive histamine release, resulting in flushing, erythema, and hypotension primarily on the upper body and face. It is a pseudo-allergic reaction rather than a true IgE-mediated allergy, so management involves slowing the infusion rate.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台護理師皆會警覺 Vancomycin 輸注速度，但美國常採更嚴格的給藥時間規範以預防此情況。