— 降低風險 · HARD · SATA —
護理師照護一位放置周邊置入中心靜脈導管（PICC）的病人，下列哪些跡象代表潛在併發症，需立即回報？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a new peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Which findings indicate a potential complication that must be reported immediately? (Select all that apply.)
- ASudden onset of dyspnea and tachycardia✓ 正解突發性呼吸困難和心搏過速
- BRedness and tenderness at the insertion site✓ 正解插入部位紅腫與壓痛
- CCatheter length increase at the exit site✓ 正解出口處導管長度增加
- DIpsilateral arm edema✓ 正解同側手臂水腫
- EAbility to flush the catheter with 10 mL saline可用 10 mL 生理食鹽水沖洗導管
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
PICC 導管屬於中心靜脈導管，其併發症若未及時處理可能危及生命。呼吸困難與心跳過速可能暗示發生靜脈空氣栓塞或肺栓塞，屬緊急狀況。穿刺點紅腫熱痛是導管相關血流感染（CRBSI）的徵兆；導管外露長度增加代表導管可能位移，需立即停止使用並以 X 光確認位置；同側肢體水腫則高度懷疑發生上肢深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）。護理師發現上述任一情況，應立即通知醫師並停止使用該導管，以防止致命後果。
Sudden dyspnea and tachycardia may indicate air or pulmonary embolism, requiring immediate intervention. Redness at the insertion site suggests infection, increased catheter length implies migration, and ipsilateral arm edema signals potential thrombosis; all require prompt reporting and discontinuation of use.