下列哪些評估結果提示病人可能出現毛地黃（digoxin）中毒？（選所有適合的）
Which assessment findings should alert the nurse to potential toxicity in a client taking digoxin? (Select all that apply.)
- ABlurred vision with a yellow/green halo✓ 正解視力模糊伴隨黃綠色光暈
- BPersistent nausea and vomiting✓ 正解持續性噁心與嘔吐
- CBradycardia with irregular rhythm✓ 正解心搏過緩伴隨心律不整
- DIncreased thirst and polyuria口渴增加與多尿
- EConfusion and lethargy✓ 正解意識混亂與嗜睡
毛地黃（Digoxin）具有窄治療指數（narrow therapeutic index），容易因藥物累積或電解質失衡（如低血鉀）導致中毒。臨床上，中毒表現通常涉及視覺、胃腸道、神經及心臟系統。護理師需特別注意評估病人的主觀症狀與客觀心律變化，若懷疑中毒，應優先暫停給藥並通知醫師，同時檢查血中藥物濃度與電解質。
Digoxin toxicity commonly presents with visual disturbances like yellow-green halos, gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, and cardiac changes including bradycardia and irregular rhythms. Neurological signs like confusion and lethargy also indicate severe toxicity, whereas increased thirst and polyuria are not characteristic symptoms of digoxin overdose.
在美國臨床，護理師在給藥前若發現心跳小於 60 bpm 需主動暫停給藥並回報；台灣做法亦同，但美方護理師在臨床決策（Clinical Judgement）上的主動權與責任感更高，且常規會監測 Digoxin level（治療範圍通常為 0.5-2.0 ng/mL）。