— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備餵食一位有吸入性肺炎風險的病人。下列哪項措施是適當的？
A nurse is preparing to feed a client who is at risk for aspiration. Which action is appropriate?
- APlace the client in a supine position將病人置於仰臥位
- BOffer thin liquids to keep the throat hydrated提供稀薄液體以保持喉嚨濕潤
- CFeed the client quickly to reduce fatigue快速餵食病人以減少疲勞
- DInstruct the client to tuck the chin when swallowing✓ 正解指示病人在吞嚥時收下巴
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對有吸入性肺炎（Aspiration pneumonia）風險的病人，護理核心在於維持呼吸道通暢與防止食物誤入氣管。下巴內收（Chin-tuck）動作能有效縮小喉部氣道開口，並改變食道入口的角度，有利於食物順利進入食道而非氣管。此外，維持直立坐姿（High-Fowler's position）也是預防吸入的關鍵。
To reduce the risk of aspiration in vulnerable clients, nurses should instruct the client to tuck their chin when swallowing. This maneuver helps close the airway and directs food toward the esophagus. Clients should be positioned upright rather than supine, fed slowly to allow safe swallowing rhythms, and offered thickened liquids if thin liquids are difficult to control.