— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師正在進行皮下肝素注射，下列哪項護理操作是正確的？
A nurse is administering subcutaneous heparin. Which action by the nurse is correct?
- AAdminister the injection in the abdominal area✓ 正解在腹部區域注射
- BMassage the site after withdrawal of the needle拔針後按摩注射部位
- CAspirate before injecting the medication注射前進行抽吸
- DUse a 1.5-inch needle to ensure muscle penetration使用 1.5 英吋的針頭以確保穿透肌肉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
皮下注射肝素（Heparin）的目的是為了達成抗凝血效果。腹部皮下組織豐富，且吸收相對穩定。注射時，護理師應捏起皮膚皺摺，以 90 度角（若脂肪層較薄則 45 度）垂直進針。操作重點在於：不需抽吸（Aspiration）以避免造成局部微血管破裂導致淤血，注射後也不可按摩（Massage）注射部位，因為按摩會加速藥物吸收，增加局部出血與血腫的風險。
When administering subcutaneous heparin, the abdomen is the preferred injection site due to consistent absorption rates. The nurse should pinch the skin fold and insert the needle at a 90-degree angle (or 45 degrees if the patient is thin), but must never aspirate or massage the site afterward. Aspiration increases the risk of hematoma, and massaging can accelerate drug absorption and cause tissue irritation or bruising.