— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
校園護理師為青少年篩檢脊椎側彎，何者需進一步轉介評估？
A school nurse is screening adolescents for scoliosis. Which finding indicates a need for further evaluation?
- AFlexibility of the lumbar spine during movement腰椎活動時的柔軟度
- BPresence of back pain during the exam檢查期間出現背痛
- CEqual shoulder heights when standing straight直立時雙肩等高
- DAsymmetry of the scapula and hip height✓ 正解肩胛骨與骨盆高度不對稱
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
脊椎側彎的典型臨床表徵為身體對稱性受損，特別是在前彎測試（Adams test）時，觀察到肩胛骨高低不一或肋骨突起，以及骨盆傾斜。A為典型異常發現；B疼痛非側彎必備症狀；C顯示對稱是正常的；D腰椎活動度在側彎篩檢中非判斷標準。
Asymmetry of the scapula and hip height indicates a structural spinal deformity requiring further evaluation for scoliosis. These physical signs reflect the lateral curvature and rotation of the spine, whereas equal alignment and flexibility are generally normal findings in this context.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣學校設有常規脊椎側彎篩檢，美國則依各學區政策與健康檢查計畫而定。