— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師正在查看一位保護性隔離病人的實驗室報告。哪項結果需要最立即的處理?
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client in protective isolation. Which result would require the most immediate action?
- APlatelet count of 140,000/mm³血小板計數 140,000/mm³
- BHemoglobin of 11 g/dL血紅素 11 g/dL
- CWhite blood cell (WBC) count of 3,500/mm³白血球 (WBC) 計數 3,500/mm³
- DAbsolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 450/mm³✓ 正解絕對中性白血球計數 (ANC) 450/mm³
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
在保護性隔離中,最重要的指標是絕對嗜中性白血球計數(ANC)。ANC 低於 500/mm³ 被定義為嚴重嗜中性白血球減少症,病人面臨極高的致死性感染風險。A(WBC 3500)雖低但未如 ANC <500 般危急;C(Hgb 11)與 A(PLT 14萬)輕微偏低但不具立即感染風險。
An absolute neutrophil count (ANC) below 500/mm³ indicates severe neutropenia, placing the client at critical risk for life-threatening infections. While a white blood cell count of 3,500/mm³ is low, the ANC provides a more specific and urgent indicator of immune compromise requiring immediate protective isolation precautions.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國 NCLEX 考試非常強調 ANC 的計算與數值意義;台灣臨床亦重視 ANC,但醫師通常會主動下達指令,護理師需具備主動識別數值風險的能力。