— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位髖關節置換術後病人，下列哪項措施最能有效降低深層靜脈血栓（DVT）的風險？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a hip arthroplasty. Which action by the nurse will best reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
- AMaintain the client in a high-Fowler's position讓病人維持高福勒氏臥位
- BApply warm compresses to the calf area在小腿區域敷熱
- CEncourage the client to perform ankle pumps and leg exercises hourly✓ 正解鼓勵病人每小時進行踝泵運動和腿部運動
- DAdminister prophylactic low-dose aspirin as ordered依醫囑給予預防性低劑量阿斯匹靈
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
髖關節置換術後病人因長期臥床與患肢活動受限，血液回流變慢。鼓勵每小時進行踝關節幫浦運動，可利用小腿肌肉泵浦機制增加靜脈回流，有效預防血栓形成。高枕臥位會壓迫膕窩，熱敷則可能導致血管擴張與炎症反應，非預防首選。
Encouraging the client to perform ankle pumps and leg exercises hourly utilizes the skeletal muscle pump to enhance venous return and prevent blood stasis. This mechanical intervention is a primary nursing strategy for reducing deep vein thrombosis risk, whereas high-Fowler's positioning may impede flow and heat application is not indicated for prophylaxis.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆重視衛教與物理預防，但美國護理師執行 SCD 穿戴與衛教的標準化流程較為嚴謹。