— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位有跌倒風險的病人。下列哪種方式最能有效預防跌倒？
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of fall risks. What is the most effective way to prevent falls?
- APlace the client in a room far from the nursing station將客戶安置在遠離護理站的房間
- BUse physical restraints to keep the client in bed使用身體約束將客戶固定在床上
- CKeep the bed in the lowest position and lock the wheels✓ 正解將床保持在最低位置並鎖住輪子
- DEncourage the client to get up unassisted for exercise鼓勵客戶獨立起身運動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
跌倒預防的核心在於環境控制與適當的輔助。保持床位低位與煞車固定（C）能增加穩定性，降低離床距離。約束（B）應為最後手段，且非預防跌倒的常規策略；遠離護理站（A）會延誤觀察，鼓勵獨自下床（D）則大大增加了高風險病人的受傷機率。
Keeping the bed in the lowest position with wheels locked maximizes stability and minimizes the distance to the floor, thereby significantly reducing the risk of injury if the client attempts to get out of bed unsupervised.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院對跌倒預防評估（Morse Fall Scale）非常嚴格，台灣臨床則更強調家屬陪伴與床欄使用。