— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些藥物需要護理師密切監測病人的鉀離子數值？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following medications require the nurse to monitor the client's potassium level closely? (Select all that apply.)
- AFurosemide✓ 正解Furosemide（呋塞米）
- BSpironolactone✓ 正解Spironolactone（螺內酯）
- CLisinopril✓ 正解Lisinopril（賴諾普利）
- DDigoxin✓ 正解Digoxin（地高辛）
- EAtorvastatinAtorvastatin（阿托伐他汀）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Furosemide 為環利尿劑，會排鉀；Spironolactone 為保鉀利尿劑；Lisinopril 為 ACE inhibitors，會抑制醛固酮導致高血鉀；Digoxin 的毒性與低血鉀呈強相關。Atorvastatin 為降血脂藥，對鉀離子無直接代謝影響。
Furosemide can cause hypokalemia through potassium excretion, while spironolactone and lisinopril may lead to hyperkalemia via potassium retention. Additionally, hypokalemia significantly increases the risk of digoxin toxicity, necessitating close monitoring of potassium levels for clients receiving these medications.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院電子病歷系統常自動連動鉀離子異常警示，護理師需在給藥前核對生化報告。