— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
對於服用毛地黃（Digoxin）的病人，下列哪些評估發現應警示護理師可能有中毒跡象？（選所有適合的）
Which assessment findings should alert the nurse to potential toxicity in a client taking digoxin? (Select all that apply.)
- ABlurred vision with yellow-green halos✓ 正解視物模糊伴隨黃綠色光暈
- BNausea and vomiting✓ 正解噁心和嘔吐
- CBradycardia✓ 正解心搏過緩
- DIncreased urinary output尿量增加
- EConfusion✓ 正解意識混亂
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
毛地黃中毒常見症狀包括視覺改變（光暈）、胃腸道不適（噁心嘔吐）、心臟節律問題（心跳過慢）以及神經系統改變（混亂）。這些症狀反映藥物治療指數狹窄。D 選項錯誤，毛地黃雖可改善心衰竭進而間接影響尿量，但多尿並非中毒指標，反之中毒可能會導致嚴重症狀。
Digoxin toxicity commonly presents with visual disturbances such as yellow-green halos, gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea and vomiting, and cardiac effects including bradycardia. Neurological changes, particularly confusion in elderly clients, are also significant indicators of toxicity due to the drug's narrow therapeutic index.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆強調給藥前需測量心尖脈，若低於 60 次/分則需暫停給藥，且均須密切觀察電解質，特別是鉀離子。