— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人因疑有低血容積性休克入院，下列何項評估數據符合此診斷？
A client is admitted with suspected hypovolemic shock. Which assessment finding is consistent with this diagnosis?
- AIncreased urinary output尿量增加
- BBradycardia心動過緩
- CBounding peripheral pulses周邊脈搏強而有力
- DNarrowed pulse pressure✓ 正解脈壓差縮小
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血容積性休克（Hypovolemic shock）時，血管內容積減少，導致回心血量下降，進而使心搏輸出量減少。身體透過代償機制（交感神經興奮），使周邊血管收縮，導致舒張壓上升，而收縮壓下降，最終形成「脈壓變窄（Narrowed pulse pressure）」。這是休克早期的關鍵生理特徵，反映出循環灌流不足。
In hypovolemic shock, decreased circulating volume triggers compensatory sympathetic vasoconstriction, which raises diastolic pressure while systolic pressure may drop, resulting in a narrowed pulse pressure.