— 照護管理 · EASY · MCQ —
哪種文件允許病人在失去決策能力時,指定代理人為其做出醫療決策?
Which document allows a client to appoint a person to make healthcare decisions on their behalf if they become incapacitated?
- AAdvance Directive預立醫療指示
- BInformed Consent form知情同意書
- CLiving Will生前預囑
- DDurable Power of Attorney for Healthcare✓ 正解醫療授權代理人文件
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
「醫療授權代理人」(Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare)是一種法律文件,允許病人指定一位代理人在其失去決策能力時,代為行使醫療決策權。這與「生前預囑」(Living Will)不同,生前預囑是說明對特定治療(如維生系統)的偏好,而代理人委託書則是指定代理人。
The Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare is the specific legal document that allows a client to appoint a proxy to make medical decisions if they become incapacitated. Unlike a living will, which outlines treatment preferences, this document designates a decision-maker. An advance directive is a broader term that may include both documents.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國,這類法律文件非常關鍵,入院時通常會詢問是否有 Advance Directive,並建議病人準備。台灣雖然有《病人自主權利法》,但臨床上民眾對於這類法律文件的認知與普及度仍不及美國。