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照護管理 · EASY · MCQ

哪種文件允許病人在失去決策能力時,指定代理人為其做出醫療決策?

Which document allows a client to appoint a person to make healthcare decisions on their behalf if they become incapacitated?

  • AAdvance Directive
    預立醫療指示
  • BInformed Consent form
    知情同意書
  • CLiving Will
    生前預囑
  • DDurable Power of Attorney for Healthcare✓ 正解
    醫療授權代理人文件
Explanation · 中文詳解

「醫療授權代理人」(Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare)是一種法律文件,允許病人指定一位代理人在其失去決策能力時,代為行使醫療決策權。這與「生前預囑」(Living Will)不同,生前預囑是說明對特定治療(如維生系統)的偏好,而代理人委託書則是指定代理人。

The Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare is the specific legal document that allows a client to appoint a proxy to make medical decisions if they become incapacitated. Unlike a living will, which outlines treatment preferences, this document designates a decision-maker. An advance directive is a broader term that may include both documents.

✦ 台美臨床差異

在美國,這類法律文件非常關鍵,入院時通常會詢問是否有 Advance Directive,並建議病人準備。台灣雖然有《病人自主權利法》,但臨床上民眾對於這類法律文件的認知與普及度仍不及美國。

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