— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
一位 70 歲女性的骨質密度檢查（DXA）T-score 為 -2.8。下列哪項護理措施最適合她的健康維護？
A 70-year-old female client has a DXA scan showing a T-score of -2.8. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for her health maintenance?
- ARestrict all physical activity to prevent fractures限制所有體力活動以預防骨折
- BEncourage high-impact aerobic exercises鼓勵進行高衝擊有氧運動
- CApply a back brace during all waking hours在所有清醒時間佩戴背部支架
- DAdvise the client to increase calcium and vitamin D intake✓ 正解建議個案增加鈣質與維生素 D 的攝取
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
T-score -2.8 已達骨質疏鬆診斷標準（< -2.5）。護理目標在於提升骨密度及預防跌倒。建議補充鈣質與維生素 D 是基礎療法。A 過於激烈增加骨折風險；C 限制日常活動不利骨骼刺激；D 完全不活動會導致骨質流失更快。
A T-score of -2.8 indicates osteoporosis, necessitating interventions to improve bone density and prevent fractures. Increasing calcium and vitamin D intake is a foundational nursing intervention to slow bone resorption, whereas complete inactivity would accelerate bone loss.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國對於骨質疏鬆的藥物治療介入（如雙磷酸鹽類）更積極；台灣社區則更重視防跌環境改造與功能性運動。