— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導病人攝取高纖食物，哪些食物是好的選擇？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is educating a client about high-fiber foods. Which options are good choices? (Select all that apply.)
- AWhole grain bread✓ 正解全穀麵包
- BWhite rice白米飯
- CBeans and lentils✓ 正解豆類和扁豆
- DFresh fruits with skins✓ 正解帶皮的新鮮水果
- EProcessed snacks加工零食
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
膳食纖維（Fiber）對於促進腸道蠕動、改善便秘及控制血糖與血脂有重要作用。高纖飲食應選擇全穀類、豆類與蔬果。全穀類保留麩皮，豆類含有豐富水溶性與非水溶性纖維，新鮮水果連皮吃可保留果膠與纖維素。白米飯與加工零食經過精緻化處理，纖維幾乎被移除，且易造成血糖急遽上升。護理衛教時，應鼓勵病人採取漸進式增加纖維攝取，同時配合充足水分，避免纖維結塊導致便秘。
High-fiber foods include whole grains, legumes like beans and lentils, and fresh fruits with their skins intact, as these retain the bran and germ rich in dietary fiber. Refined grains such as white rice and processed snacks have had most fiber removed, making them poor choices for increasing fiber intake.