— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師協助高齡病人進行個人清潔，病人皮膚薄且脆弱。下列哪項護理措施最能預防皮膚損傷？
A nurse is assisting an elderly client with personal hygiene. The client has fragile, thin skin. Which intervention is most appropriate to prevent skin trauma?
- AUse adhesive tape to secure the dressing on the arms使用黏性膠帶固定手臂上的敷料
- BApply heavy friction while cleaning the extremities清潔四肢時用力摩擦
- CUse a warm, damp washcloth to gently pat the skin dry✓ 正解使用溫暖濕毛巾輕輕拍乾皮膚
- DUse hot water for the bed bath to increase circulation使用熱水進行床上擦浴以增加循環
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高齡病人皮膚結構脆弱，水分保持力差。輕拍（patting）乾燥法可避免摩擦造成的撕裂傷。使用黏膠可能導致表皮剝離；強力摩擦會破壞完整性；熱水會導致皮膚過度乾燥，加重瘙癢及損傷風險。溫和護理原則是維持老年照護品質的關鍵。
Elderly clients have fragile skin structure and poor moisture retention. Gently patting dry can prevent friction-induced skin tears. Adhesive tape may cause epidermal stripping; vigorous friction disrupts skin integrity; hot water leads to excessive dryness, worsening itching and the risk of injury. Gentle care principles are essential to maintaining quality geriatric care.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師對皮膚評估及傷口照護處置範疇較寬，台灣則多遵循醫師皮膚科會診後的護理指導方針。