— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正準備為病人進行萬古黴素靜脈輸注，輸注後不久發現病人頸部與面部皮膚潮紅。此時護理師應優先採取什麼行動？
A nurse is preparing to administer Vancomycin 1g IVPB to a client. The nurse observes the client's skin becoming flushed on the neck and face shortly after infusion starts. What is the priority nursing action?
- AObtain vital signs and document the findings測量生命徵象並記錄發現
- BDiscontinue the infusion immediately and notify the physician立即停止輸注並通知醫師
- CAdminister an intramuscular dose of diphenhydramine給予肌肉注射苯海拉明
- DSlow the rate of the infusion✓ 正解減慢輸注速率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此臨床表現為「紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）」，是萬古黴素輸注速度過快引起的組胺釋放反應，而非真過敏。減慢輸注速度通常可緩解症狀。若直接停藥（B）則治療中斷，抗生素效果不佳；給予抗組織胺（C）通常在排除過敏後才考慮；生命徵象（A）固然重要，但減慢輸速才是解決問題的優先處置。
The client is experiencing Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-mediated reaction caused by rapid vancomycin infusion, rather than a true allergy. The priority nursing action is to slow the infusion rate, which typically resolves the flushing and discomfort without discontinuing the necessary antibiotic therapy.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於紅人症候群的處置一致，皆傾向先降速觀察。