— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師向一群醫護人員衛教如何預防針扎傷害，下列哪項敘述最重要？
A nurse is educating a group of healthcare workers about preventing needlestick injuries. Which statement is most important to include?
- ARecap the needle after use.使用後重新套上針頭護套
- BUse needles only when absolutely necessary.僅在絕對必要時使用針頭
- CKeep needles away from the patient's reach.將針頭放在病人無法觸及之處
- DDispose of needles immediately in a puncture-resistant container.✓ 正解立即將針頭丟入防穿刺容器
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防針扎傷害（Needlestick injury）的核心在於消除暴露源與降低操作風險。根據 OSHA 標準，使用後的針頭必須立即丟棄於防穿刺容器（Sharps container），這是阻斷病原體傳播最有效的工程控制措施。護理師應建立「用完即丟」的習慣，避免在忙碌中因針頭遺留造成自己或他人的意外傷害。
The most important preventive measure is to dispose of needles immediately in a puncture-resistant sharps container to eliminate exposure risks. Recapping needles is prohibited as it significantly increases the risk of needlestick injuries, whereas immediate disposal serves as the primary engineering control for safety.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院對於針扎預防有嚴格的 OSHA 法規，強調使用安全裝置（Safety-engineered devices），如自動回縮針頭。台灣雖也推動安全針具，但在執行強度與監管報告制度上，美國更為嚴格。