— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護疑似結核病（TB）的病人，護理計畫應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a suspected diagnosis of tuberculosis. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
- APlace the client in a private room with negative air pressure✓ 正解將個案安置在具有負壓的私人病房
- BEnsure all staff members wear a N95 respirator✓ 正解確保所有工作人員佩戴 N95 口罩
- CRequire the client to wear a surgical mask during transport✓ 正解要求個案在轉送期間佩戴外科口罩
- DUse a contact-based isolation gown使用接觸隔離衣
- ELimit visitors to only family members who are vaccinated將訪客限制為僅接種疫苗的家人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核經由空氣微粒傳播，需執行「空氣隔離」。重點包括：負壓病房（A）、N95 口罩（B）、病人轉送時需佩戴外科口罩（C）。接觸隔離衣（D）非必要，除非有血液或體液汙染。疫苗接種（E）對預防 TB 感染保護力有限，非隔離重點。
Tuberculosis requires airborne precautions, which include placing the client in a negative-pressure private room and ensuring staff wear N95 respirators to filter infectious particles. Additionally, the client should wear a surgical mask during transport to contain droplets, while contact gowns are not routinely required unless there is a risk of contamination.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣針對結核病有完善的個案管理系統（DOTS），美方則強調早期隔離檢測與接觸者追蹤，兩者在公共衛生轉介上略有不同。