護理師照顧多重抗藥性病原體 (MDRO) 病人，哪些實務對感染控制至關重要？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is managing care for a client with a multi-drug resistant organism (MDRO). Which practices are essential for infection control? (Select all that apply.)
- AStrict adherence to hand hygiene✓ 正解嚴格遵守手部衛生
- BCohort nursing whenever possible✓ 正解盡可能進行同類病患集中照護
- CUsing personal protective equipment (PPE) for every entry✓ 正解每次進入時使用個人防護裝備 (PPE)
- DRoutine cleaning of shared equipment✓ 正解定期清潔共用設備
- ELimiting visitors for the client限制個案的訪客
面對 MDRO，多層次防護缺一不可。嚴格洗手是第一線；群組護理 (Cohort nursing) 可將風險集中管理；進入房間時穿戴適當 PPE 是阻斷直接接觸傳播的關鍵；共享設備（如血壓計）若未清潔會成為感染源。限制訪客屬權宜之計，並非感染控制的絕對核心要素。
Strict hand hygiene is the primary defense against transmitting multidrug-resistant organisms, while cohort nursing helps contain the risk within a specific group. Using personal protective equipment (PPE) for every entry prevents direct contact transmission, and routine cleaning of shared equipment eliminates environmental reservoirs of the pathogen. Limiting visitors is not a core infection control measure compared to these direct preventive actions.
美國醫院有專責感染控制師 (CIC) 負責監測，台灣則多透過院感小組進行定期查核與隔離政策落實。