護理師為口腔念珠菌感染病人準備 Nystatin 口服懸浮液。哪項指導正確？
The nurse is preparing to administer Nystatin oral suspension to a client with oral candidiasis. Which instruction is correct?
- ADilute the medication with water以水稀釋藥物
- BSwish the liquid in the mouth for several minutes before swallowing✓ 正解吞嚥前在口中含漱數分鐘
- CSwallow the medication immediately立即吞下藥物
- DMix the medication with fruit juice to improve taste將藥物與果汁混合以改善口感
Nystatin（制黴菌素）口服懸浮液是一種抗真菌藥物，主要用於治療口腔念珠菌感染（Oral Candidiasis），俗稱鵝口瘡（Thrush）。這種感染通常表現為口腔黏膜上的白色斑塊。Nystatin 的作用機轉是透過破壞真菌細胞膜，抑制真菌生長。 為了達到最佳的治療效果，Nystatin 懸浮液必須在口腔內與感染區域充分接觸。如果藥物直接吞嚥，它在口腔黏膜上的停留時間會不足，導致局部藥物濃度不夠，從而降低治療效果。因此，護理師在指導病人服用時，應特別強調正確的含漱（Swish and swallow）技巧，確保藥物能充分覆蓋感染部位，使其發揮最大的局部作用。這對提升治療成功率至關重要。
To achieve optimal therapeutic effects for oral candidiasis, the nystatin suspension must remain in contact with the oral mucosa to coat infection sites effectively. Instructing the client to swish the liquid for several minutes ensures adequate local concentration, whereas immediate swallowing or dilution reduces the drug's topical efficacy.