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降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ

護理師照護一位腹部手術術後兩天的病人。發現傷口內臟脫出。護理師應優先採取哪項行動?

A nurse is caring for a client who had an abdominal surgery 2 days ago. The nurse notes the client's wound has eviscerated. What is the first action the nurse should take?

  • ACover the protruding organs with a sterile, moist gauze✓ 正解
    用無菌濕紗布覆蓋突出的臟器
  • BAdminister a pain medication
    給予止痛藥物
  • CPush the organs back into the abdominal cavity
    將臟器推回腹腔
  • DPrepare the client for an emergency surgery
    為病人準備緊急手術
Explanation · 中文詳解

腹部手術後兩天出現傷口內臟脫出(wound evisceration)是極為嚴重的緊急情況,可能危及生命。護理師的首要目標是立即保護外露的器官,預防進一步的損傷和感染。 正確的第一步是使用無菌的生理食鹽水(sterile normal saline)浸濕的紗布覆蓋住脫出的器官(A)。生理食鹽水能維持器官的濕潤度,防止其乾燥、壞死;無菌紗布則能提供一層保護,降低感染的風險。同時,應讓病人採取低平臥位(supine position with knees bent),以減少腹腔壓力。 選項 C 是絕對錯誤的。絕不可嘗試將器官推回腹腔內(C),這樣做會增加感染的風險,並可能造成器官的進一步損傷。 選項 D(準備緊急手術)雖然最終是必要的,但不是「第一步」的行動。在病人情況允許下,必須先完成緊急的傷口處理。 選項 B(給予止痛藥)雖然病人會感到劇痛,但比起保護器官的濕潤和預防感染,給予止痛藥不是最優先的行動。 臨床思路(Priority / Safety / Tissue Integrity):內臟脫出是外科急症,護理師需迅速採取穩定病情、預防併發症的措施。

The nurse must immediately cover the eviscerated organs with sterile, moist gauze to prevent tissue drying and contamination. Pushing the organs back into the abdomen is contraindicated as it increases the risk of infection and further injury. While preparing for emergency surgery and administering pain medication are necessary subsequent steps, protecting the exposed viscera is the priority first action.

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