護理師為新診斷第一型糖尿病病人進行出院指導。關於生病時的血糖管理，哪項內容是必須強調的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with a newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which information is critical for the nurse to emphasize regarding sick day management? (Select all that apply.)
- AMonitor blood glucose every 3 to 4 hours✓ 正解每 3 至 4 小時監測血糖
- BCheck urine for ketones if blood glucose is >240 mg/dL✓ 正解若血糖 >240 mg/dL，檢查尿液中的酮體
- CStop insulin administration if unable to eat若無法進食，停止胰島素給藥
- DDrink adequate fluids to prevent dehydration✓ 正解攝取充足的水分以預防脫水
- ECall the physician if vomiting or diarrhea persists for more than 6 hours✓ 正解若嘔吐或腹瀉持續超過 6 小時，請聯繫醫師
生病期間應嚴密監控血糖（即使無法進食仍需），因壓力與感染會使血糖飆升。若血糖 >240 mg/dL 應檢測尿酮以預防酮酸中毒。千萬不可隨意停止胰島素（C 選項錯誤），因生病時身體處於高代謝狀態。適度水分補充可防止脫水，嘔吐不止則需尋求醫療協助以避免代謝性酸中毒。
During illness, blood glucose must be closely monitored (even if the patient cannot eat), because stress and infection cause glucose to rise. If glucose exceeds 240 mg/dL, urine ketones should be checked to prevent diabetic ketoacidosis. Insulin must never be stopped arbitrarily (option C is incorrect), because the body is in a hypermetabolic state during illness. Moderate fluid intake can prevent dehydration, and persistent vomiting requires medical attention to avoid metabolic acidosis.
美國有非常完整的「Sick Day Rules」衛教手冊，台灣護理師則多透過衛教護理指導清單（Nursing Instruction List）進行教學。